Hint for Section 1.1 Question 6

6. Since there are two statement variables, the truth table will have 4 rows. Start by filling in the four different combinations of truth values for p and q.

p q   p L q ~p ~q p  L ~q ~p V (p L ~q)   (p L q) V (~p V (p L ~q))
T T                
T F                
F T                
F F                

Now fill in columns 3, 4 and 5 using the truth tables for L and ~.

p q   p L q ~p ~q p  L ~q ~p V (p L ~q)   (p L q) V (~p V (p L ~q))
T T   T F F        
T F   F F T        
F T   F T F        
F F   F T T        

Now fill in column 6 by using columns 1 and 5, and the truth table for L. Then fill in column 7 by using columns 4 and 6, and the truth table for V.

p q   p L q ~p ~q p  L ~q ~p V (p L ~q)   (p L q) V (~p V (p L ~q))
T T   T F F F F    
T F   F F T T T    
F T   F T F F T    
F F   F T T F T    

Finally fill in the final column by using columns 3 and 7, and the truth table for V. If the final column contains only T, then you have a tautology; if it contains only F, then you have a contradiction; if it contains a mixture, you have neither.

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